フイリピン 大日本帝国陸軍占領下で性暴力被害を受けたサバイバーを支援する声明
フイリピンの被害者で一番最初にカムアウトした人はロサ・ヘンソンさんです。
そしてその日は8月18日でした。
ロサさんを記念し、追悼する意味を込めて、フイリピンのアテネオ大学の「歴史を守る会」が下記の声明を出しました。
大日本帝国陸軍占領下で性暴力被害を受けたサバイバーを支援する声明
第二次世界大戦、そして大日本帝国陸軍支配下のフィリピン及びアジアの様々な地域で行われた、女性に対する制度化された誘拐、虐待、レイプ、並びに他の暴力行為の終結から 80 年近くが経過しました。
現在でも、女性や他の権利を奪われた人々に害を与える軍事主義的な考え方から抜け出せないなど、暴力は様々な形で根強く残っています。日本政府及びフィリピンの歴代政権のどちらからも、こうした暴力行為の被害を受けた方々への物質的支援がなされていないという状況においても暴力は続いています。これはしばしば政治家の間の問題として先送りされて、この暴力を経験した方々に対する真の謝罪と真の正義がなかったのです。
この暴力は、記憶の領域においても被害者への正義を怠っていることにより続いています。軍人たちが何を犯してきたのかを適切な形で調査し、記録に残すための政府による公式な取り組みを行う必要があるのです。また、外交の名のもとで、私たちの集団意識から消し去ることによって、教科書や授業で教えないことによって、これを記念する碑を撤去させることによって、私たちはこのことを忘れるよう強いられてきました。
公式な歴史においてではなく、祖先から受け継がれてきた話の中で、なされた被害の深刻な重みにより、その被害は私たちの集団的記憶に深く刻みつけられています。必要があり続けるからこそ、私たちは関係各当局の責任を求め、これらの暴力を経験してきたロラたちを全面的に支援し、彼女たち自身の物語に耳を傾けようではありませんか。(日本語仮訳)
2020 年 8 月 15 日
タンゴル・カサイサーヤン(Tanggol Kasaysayan:歴史を守る会)
(フィリピノ語 原文)
Pahayag ng Pagsuporta ng Tanggol Kasaysayan sa mga Biktima ng Karahasang Sekswal sa Ilalim ng Hukbong Militar ng Imperyong Hapon Halos walong dekada na ang nakalilipas matapos ang Ikalawang Digmaang Pandaigdig, at ang sistematisadong pagdukot, pananakit, at paghalay sa mga kababaihan sa ilalim ng hukbong militar ng imperyong Hapon, at ang iba pang karahasang isinagawa sa iba’t ibang dako ng Pilipinas at iba pang bahagi ng Asya sa ilalim ng imperyo.
Napapatuloy pa rin ang karahasang ito sa iba’t ibang anyo, gaya na lang sa kabiguang iwaksi ang mentalidad na militar na nandadahas sa kababaihan at mga walang laban.
Nagpapatuloy din ito sa kawalan pa rin ng sapat na suportang materyal mula sa pamahalaan para sa lahat ng dumanas ng karahasang ito, sa panig man ng bansang Hapon o ng nagdaang mga administrasyon ng pamahalaang Pilipino. Madalas itong nabibinbin lamang bilang isyu sa pagitan ng mga politiko, at wala pa ring tunay na paghingi ng tawad o hustisya para sa mga karahasang ito.
Patuloy din ito sa kakulangang bigyan sila ng hustisya sa larangan ng alaala. Kailangan ng pagsisikap mula sa pamahalaan para sa sapat na imbestigasyon at dokumentasyon
ng mga karahasang dulot ng hukbo. Pilit ding ipinalilimot at binubura ito sa kolektibong kamalayan, sa pamamagitan ng pagkaligta rito sa mga aklat at aralin, at pagpapatanggal sa mga rebultong gumugunita rito sa ngalan ng diplomasya.
Sa tindi ng naranasang dahas ay nakatatak sa kolektibong kasaysayan natin ang karahasang ito, di man sa pormal na kasaysayan kundi sa pamamagitan ng mga kuwento ng kani-kaniya nating mga ninuno. May tawag para sa atin sa ngayon na humingi ng pananagutan sa mga kinauukulan, at ganap na suportahan at pakinggan ang mga lolang nakaranas ng ganitong dahas na ikuwento ang sarili nilang mga kuwento.
(https://www.facebook.com/TanggolKasaysayan/posts/1291703751161195)
Statement of Support for Survivors of Sexual Violence
Under the Japanese Imperial Army
It has been almost 8 decades since the end of the 2nd World War, and the systematized kidnapping, abuse, and rape of women, and other acts of violence perpetrated by the Japanese Imperial Army in different parts of the Philippines and other parts of Asia under the empire.
This violence continues to persist today in many forms, such as the failure to depart from a militaristic mindset that inflicts harm on women and others who are disenfranchised.
This also persists in the lack of material support from overnments for those who went through these violent acts, both on the side of Japan and of the many Philippine administrations that have passed. It is often dismissed as an issue between politicians, and there has been no real apology and no real justice for those who experienced this violence.
This violence is also perpetuated by failing to do the victims justice when it comes to the realm of memory. There have been no official efforts to conduct a proper investigation
and documentation of what had been perpetrated by members of the military. We have also been forced to forget this by erasing it in our collective consciousness, by omitting it in textbooks and classes, and by demanding to remove markers that commemorate it, all in the name of diplomacy.
Because of the graveness of the harm done, it has been etched in our collective memory, though not in official history but in the stories that have been passed down from our ancestors. There remains to be a call for us to demand for accountability from the authorities concerned, and to fully support the lolas who went through these violences to be able to tell their own stories.
[English translation by Professor Julz Riddle, Ateneo de Manila University]